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6. Returns - still worried that even after all of the above your New Zealand Parliament wont be what you want? Check out the returns policy. There is so much competition now that someone, somewhere is bound to offer the terms that you are comfortable with.
7. Feedback - happy with your New Zealand Parliament then let people know, after all you are depending on others people input in your buying decision, so why not give a little back.
8. Security - check for the yellow padlock on the New Zealand Parliament site before you buy, and the s after http:/ /i.e. https:// = a secure site
9. Contact - got a question about New Zealand Parliament, or want to leave a comment then check out the sites contact page. Reputable companies have them and respond.
10. Payment - ready to pay for your New Zealand Parliament, then use your credit card or PayPal! Be aware of companies that don't accept them, there may be genuine reasons but given the huge amount of choice you have when buying online there is no reason at all not to buy via credit card or PayPal.
The
Parliament of New Zealand consists of the
Monarchy in New Zealand and the
New Zealand House of Representatives and, until 1951, the
New Zealand Legislative Council. However most people incorrectly refer to the House of Representatives as 'Parliament'. The House of Representatives usually consists of 120 Members of Parliament (currently 121 due to an
Overhang seat). MPs are directly elected by universal suffrage. New Zealand essentially follows the Westminster system of government, and is governed by a
New Zealand Cabinet and
Prime Minister of New Zealand chosen by the House of Representatives.
The Parliament was established by the British
New Zealand Constitution Act 1852 which established a
bicameralism legislature, but the upper house, the
New Zealand Legislative Council, was abolished in 1951 so the legislature is now
unicameralism. Parliament received full control over all New Zealand affairs in 1947 with the passage of the
Statute of Westminster Adoption Act 1947.
New Zealand Parliament Buildings is physically located in Wellington, the capital city of New Zealand.
Parliamentary Sovereignty
The New Zealand Parliament is sovereign with no institution able to over-ride its decisions. The ability of Parliament to act is, legally, unimpeded. The
New Zealand Bill of Rights Act is a normal piece of legislation, it is not superior law. Parliament is limited in extending its term deciding on who can vote, how they vote (via secret ballot), how the country should be divided into electorates, and the make up of the Representation Commission which decides on these electorates. These issues require either 75% of all MPs to support the bill or a
Referendums in New Zealand on the issue. The entrenchment of these provisions was done through a normal Act of Parliament however.
Houses of Parliament
New Zealand House of Representatives
The New Zealand House of Representatives has been the New Zealand Parliament's sole chamber since 1951. It is democratically elected every three years, with eighteen select committees to scrutinise legislation.
Upper house
The New Zealand Parliament does not have an upper house; it is
Unicameralism rather than Bicameralism. It did, however, have an upper house before 1951 (the Legislative Council), and there have been occasional attempts to create a new one.
Legislative Council
The Legislative Council was intended to scrutinize and amend bills passed by the House of Representatives, although it could not initiate legislation or amend money bills. Despite occasional proposals for an elected Council, Members of the Legislative Council (MLCs) were appointed by the Governor, generally on the recommendation of the Prime Minister. At first, MLCs were appointed for life, but a term of seven years was introduced in 1891. It was eventually decided that the Council was having no significant impact on New Zealand's legislative process, and it ceased to exist at the beginning of 1951. At the time of its abolition it had fifty-four members, including its own Speaker.
Senate proposal
The New Zealand National Party government of Jim Bolger proposed the establishment of an elected
Senate when it came to power in
1990, thereby reinstating a bicameral system, and a Senate Bill was drafted. Senators would be elected by
Single Transferable Vote, with a number of seats being reserved for Māori, and would have powers similar to those of the old Legislative Council. The House of Representatives would continue to be elected by FPP.
The intention was to include a question on a Senate in the second referendum on electoral reform. Voters would be asked, if they did not want a new voting system, whether or not they wanted a Senate. However, following objections from the Labour opposition, which derided it as a
red herring, and other supporters of MMP, the Senate question was removed by the Select Committee on Electoral Reform, and the issue has not been pursued since.
Passage of legislation
The New Zealand Parliament's model for passing Act of Parliament is similar (but not identical) to that of other
Westminster System governments.
Laws are initially proposed in Parliament as bills. They become Acts after being approved three times by Parliamentary votes and then receiving
Royal Assent from the Governor-General of New Zealand. The majority of bills are promulgated by the government of the day (that is, the party or parties that have a majority in Parliament). It is rare for government bills to be defeated, indeed the first to be defeated in the twentieth century was in 1998. It is also possible for individual MPs to promote their own bills, called member's bills; these are usually put forward by opposition parties, or by MPs who wish to deal with a matter that parties do not take positions on.
House of Representatives
Within the House of Representatives, bills must pass through three readings and be considered by both a Select Committee and the Committee of the Whole House.
Royal Assent
If a bill passes its third reading, it is passed on to the Governor-General, who will (assuming constitutional conventions are followed) give it Royal Assent as a matter of course. The Governor-General does, legally at least, retain the power to reject bills in exceptional circumstances if passed by the House of Representatives, although this has never occurred. It then becomes law.
Terms of Parliament
Parliament is currently in its 48th term.
{|border="2" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="margin: 1em 1em 1em 0; background: #f9f9f9; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;" width=70%|-----!Term!Elected in!Government|----- bgcolor=#EEEEEE|1st New Zealand Parliament| align=center |
New Zealand general election 1853| align=center |No Parties|----- bgcolor=#EEEEEE|
2nd New Zealand Parliament| align=center |New Zealand general election 1855| align=center |No Parties|----- bgcolor=#EEEEEE|
3rd New Zealand Parliament| align=center |New Zealand general election 1860-1861| align=center |No Parties|----- bgcolor=#EEEEEE|4th New Zealand Parliament| align=center |
New Zealand general election 1866| align=center |No Parties|----- bgcolor=#EEEEEE|5th New Zealand Parliament| align=center |
New Zealand general election 1871| align=center |No Parties|----- bgcolor=#EEEEEE|6th New Zealand Parliament| align=center |
New Zealand general election 1875-1876| align=center |No Parties|----- bgcolor=#EEEEEE|
7th New Zealand Parliament| align=center |
New Zealand general election 1879| align=center |No Parties|----- bgcolor=#EEEEEE|8th New Zealand Parliament| align=center |
New Zealand general election 1881| align=center |No Parties|----- bgcolor=#EEEEEE|9th New Zealand Parliament| align=center |
New Zealand general election 1884| align=center |No Parties|----- bgcolor=#EEEEEE|10th New Zealand Parliament| align=center |
New Zealand general election 1887| align=center |No Parties|----- bgcolor=#FFFFDD|
11th New Zealand Parliament| align=center |New Zealand general election 1890| align=center rowspan=7 |First Liberal Government of New Zealand|----- bgcolor=#FFFFDD|12th New Zealand Parliament| align=center |
New Zealand general election 1893|----- bgcolor=#FFFFDD|13th New Zealand Parliament| align=center |New Zealand general election 1896|----- bgcolor=#FFFFDD|14th New Zealand Parliament| align=center |New Zealand general election 1899|----- bgcolor=#FFFFDD|15th New Zealand Parliament| align=center |New Zealand general election 1902|----- bgcolor=#FFFFDD|16th New Zealand Parliament| align=center |
New Zealand general election 1905|----- bgcolor=#FFFFDD|
17th New Zealand Parliament| align=center |
New Zealand general election 1908|----- bgcolor=#DDFFDD|
18th New Zealand Parliament| align=center |New Zealand general election 1911| align=center rowspan=5 |
Reform Government of New Zealand|----- bgcolor=#DDFFDD|
19th New Zealand Parliament| align=center |New Zealand general election 1914|----- bgcolor=#DDFFDD|20th New Zealand Parliament| align=center |
New Zealand general election 1919|----- bgcolor=#DDFFDD|21st New Zealand Parliament| align=center |New Zealand general election 1922|----- bgcolor=#DDFFDD|
22nd New Zealand Parliament| align=center |
New Zealand general election 1925|----- bgcolor=#FFFFDD|
23rd New Zealand Parliament| align=center |
New Zealand general election 1928| align=center |United|----- bgcolor=#DDEEFF|24th New Zealand Parliament| align=center |New Zealand general election 1931| align=center |United-Reform Coalition|----- bgcolor=#FFE8E8|25th New Zealand Parliament| align=center |New Zealand general election 1935| align=center rowspan=4|First Labour Government of New Zealand|----- bgcolor=#FFE8E8|
26th New Zealand Parliament| align=center |New Zealand general election 1938|----- bgcolor=#FFE8E8|
27th New Zealand Parliament| align=center |New Zealand general election 1943|----- bgcolor=#FFE8E8|28th New Zealand Parliament| align=center |
New Zealand general election 1946|----- bgcolor=#DDEEFF|29th New Zealand Parliament| align=center |
New Zealand general election 1949| align=center rowspan=3 |
First National Government of New Zealand|----- bgcolor=#DDEEFF|
30th New Zealand Parliament| align=center |New Zealand general election 1951|----- bgcolor=#DDEEFF|
31st New Zealand Parliament| align=center |New Zealand general election 1954|----- bgcolor=#FFE8E8|32nd New Zealand Parliament| align=center |
New Zealand general election 1957| align=center |
Second Labour Government of New Zealand|----- bgcolor=#DDEEFF|
33rd New Zealand Parliament| align=center |New Zealand general election 1960| align=center rowspan=4 |
Second National Government of New Zealand|----- bgcolor=#DDEEFF|
34th New Zealand Parliament| align=center |New Zealand general election 1963|----- bgcolor=#DDEEFF|
35th New Zealand Parliament| align=center |New Zealand general election 1966|----- bgcolor=#DDEEFF|
36th New Zealand Parliament| align=center |
New Zealand general election 1969|----- bgcolor=#FFE8E8|37th New Zealand Parliament| align=center |New Zealand general election 1972| align=center |Third Labour Government of New Zealand|----- bgcolor=#DDEEFF|
38th New Zealand Parliament| align=center |New Zealand general election 1975| align=center rowspan=3 |Third National Government of New Zealand|----- bgcolor=#DDEEFF|39th New Zealand Parliament| align=center |New Zealand general election 1978|----- bgcolor=#DDEEFF|40th New Zealand Parliament| align=center |
New Zealand general election 1981|----- bgcolor=#FFE8E8|
41st New Zealand Parliament| align=center |
New Zealand general election 1984| align=center rowspan=2 |
Fourth Labour Government of New Zealand|----- bgcolor=#FFE8E8|42nd New Zealand Parliament| align=center |
New Zealand general election 1987|----- bgcolor=#DDEEFF|43rd New Zealand Parliament| align=center |
New Zealand general election 1990| align=center rowspan=2|Fourth National Government of New Zealand|----- bgcolor=#DDEEFF|
44th New Zealand Parliament| align=center |
New Zealand general election 1993|----- bgcolor=#DDEEFF|45th New Zealand Parliament| align=center |New Zealand general election 1996| align=center |Fourth National (in coalition)|----- bgcolor=#FFE8E8|
46th New Zealand Parliament| align=center |New Zealand general election 1999| align=center rowspan=3 |Fifth Labour Government of New Zealand|----- bgcolor=#FFE8E8|47th New Zealand Parliament| align=center |
New Zealand general election 2002|----- bgcolor=#FFE8E8|48th New Zealand Parliament| align=center |
New Zealand general election 2005|}
See also
External links
- Parliament of New Zealand
- Images from around Parliament Buildings
The
Parliament of New Zealand consists of the
Monarchy in New Zealand and the
New Zealand House of Representatives and, until 1951, the
New Zealand Legislative Council. However most people incorrectly refer to the House of Representatives as 'Parliament'. The House of Representatives usually consists of 120 Members of Parliament (currently 121 due to an Overhang seat). MPs are directly elected by
universal suffrage. New Zealand essentially follows the
Westminster system of government, and is governed by a New Zealand Cabinet and
Prime Minister of New Zealand chosen by the House of Representatives.
The Parliament was established by the British New Zealand Constitution Act 1852 which established a bicameralism legislature, but the upper house, the
New Zealand Legislative Council, was abolished in 1951 so the legislature is now
unicameralism. Parliament received full control over all New Zealand affairs in
1947 with the passage of the
Statute of Westminster Adoption Act 1947.
New Zealand Parliament Buildings is physically located in Wellington, the capital city of New Zealand.
Parliamentary Sovereignty
The New Zealand Parliament is sovereign with no institution able to over-ride its decisions. The ability of Parliament to act is, legally, unimpeded. The
New Zealand Bill of Rights Act is a normal piece of legislation, it is not superior law. Parliament is limited in extending its term deciding on who can vote, how they vote (via secret ballot), how the country should be divided into electorates, and the make up of the Representation Commission which decides on these electorates. These issues require either 75% of all MPs to support the bill or a
Referendums in New Zealand on the issue. The entrenchment of these provisions was done through a normal Act of Parliament however.
Houses of Parliament
New Zealand House of Representatives
The New Zealand House of Representatives has been the New Zealand Parliament's sole chamber since 1951. It is democratically elected every three years, with eighteen select committees to scrutinise legislation.
Upper house
The New Zealand Parliament does not have an
upper house; it is
Unicameralism rather than Bicameralism. It did, however, have an upper house before
1951 (the Legislative Council), and there have been occasional attempts to create a new one.
Legislative Council
The Legislative Council was intended to scrutinize and amend bills passed by the House of Representatives, although it could not initiate legislation or amend money bills. Despite occasional proposals for an elected Council, Members of the Legislative Council (MLCs) were appointed by the Governor, generally on the recommendation of the Prime Minister. At first, MLCs were appointed for life, but a term of seven years was introduced in 1891. It was eventually decided that the Council was having no significant impact on New Zealand's legislative process, and it ceased to exist at the beginning of
1951. At the time of its abolition it had fifty-four members, including its own Speaker.
Senate proposal
The
New Zealand National Party government of Jim Bolger proposed the establishment of an elected Senate when it came to power in
1990, thereby reinstating a
bicameral system, and a Senate Bill was drafted. Senators would be elected by
Single Transferable Vote, with a number of seats being reserved for Māori, and would have powers similar to those of the old Legislative Council. The House of Representatives would continue to be elected by FPP.
The intention was to include a question on a Senate in the second referendum on electoral reform. Voters would be asked, if they did not want a new voting system, whether or not they wanted a Senate. However, following objections from the Labour opposition, which derided it as a
red herring, and other supporters of MMP, the Senate question was removed by the Select Committee on Electoral Reform, and the issue has not been pursued since.
Passage of legislation
The New Zealand Parliament's model for passing
Act of Parliament is similar (but not identical) to that of other Westminster System governments.
Laws are initially proposed in Parliament as bills. They become Acts after being approved three times by Parliamentary votes and then receiving Royal Assent from the Governor-General of New Zealand. The majority of bills are promulgated by the government of the day (that is, the party or parties that have a majority in Parliament). It is rare for government bills to be defeated, indeed the first to be defeated in the twentieth century was in 1998. It is also possible for individual MPs to promote their own bills, called member's bills; these are usually put forward by opposition parties, or by MPs who wish to deal with a matter that parties do not take positions on.
House of Representatives
Within the House of Representatives, bills must pass through three readings and be considered by both a Select Committee and the Committee of the Whole House.
Royal Assent
If a bill passes its third reading, it is passed on to the Governor-General, who will (assuming constitutional conventions are followed) give it Royal Assent as a matter of course. The Governor-General does, legally at least, retain the power to reject bills in exceptional circumstances if passed by the House of Representatives, although this has never occurred. It then becomes law.
Terms of Parliament
Parliament is currently in its 48th term.
{|border="2" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="margin: 1em 1em 1em 0; background: #f9f9f9; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;" width=70%|-----!Term!Elected in!Government|----- bgcolor=#EEEEEE|1st New Zealand Parliament| align=center |
New Zealand general election 1853| align=center |No Parties|----- bgcolor=#EEEEEE|2nd New Zealand Parliament| align=center |
New Zealand general election 1855| align=center |No Parties|----- bgcolor=#EEEEEE|
3rd New Zealand Parliament| align=center |New Zealand general election 1860-1861| align=center |No Parties|----- bgcolor=#EEEEEE|4th New Zealand Parliament| align=center |
New Zealand general election 1866| align=center |No Parties|----- bgcolor=#EEEEEE|
5th New Zealand Parliament| align=center |
New Zealand general election 1871| align=center |No Parties|----- bgcolor=#EEEEEE|
6th New Zealand Parliament| align=center |
New Zealand general election 1875-1876| align=center |No Parties|----- bgcolor=#EEEEEE|
7th New Zealand Parliament| align=center |New Zealand general election 1879| align=center |No Parties|----- bgcolor=#EEEEEE|8th New Zealand Parliament| align=center |New Zealand general election 1881| align=center |No Parties|----- bgcolor=#EEEEEE|9th New Zealand Parliament| align=center |New Zealand general election 1884| align=center |No Parties|----- bgcolor=#EEEEEE|
10th New Zealand Parliament| align=center |
New Zealand general election 1887| align=center |No Parties|----- bgcolor=#FFFFDD|
11th New Zealand Parliament| align=center |
New Zealand general election 1890| align=center rowspan=7 |
First Liberal Government of New Zealand|----- bgcolor=#FFFFDD|12th New Zealand Parliament| align=center |New Zealand general election 1893|----- bgcolor=#FFFFDD|13th New Zealand Parliament| align=center |New Zealand general election 1896|----- bgcolor=#FFFFDD|
14th New Zealand Parliament| align=center |New Zealand general election 1899|----- bgcolor=#FFFFDD|15th New Zealand Parliament| align=center |New Zealand general election 1902|----- bgcolor=#FFFFDD|16th New Zealand Parliament| align=center |New Zealand general election 1905|----- bgcolor=#FFFFDD|
17th New Zealand Parliament| align=center |
New Zealand general election 1908|----- bgcolor=#DDFFDD|18th New Zealand Parliament| align=center |
New Zealand general election 1911| align=center rowspan=5 |Reform Government of New Zealand|----- bgcolor=#DDFFDD|
19th New Zealand Parliament| align=center |
New Zealand general election 1914|----- bgcolor=#DDFFDD|
20th New Zealand Parliament| align=center |New Zealand general election 1919|----- bgcolor=#DDFFDD|21st New Zealand Parliament| align=center |
New Zealand general election 1922|----- bgcolor=#DDFFDD|
22nd New Zealand Parliament| align=center |
New Zealand general election 1925|----- bgcolor=#FFFFDD|
23rd New Zealand Parliament| align=center |
New Zealand general election 1928| align=center |United|----- bgcolor=#DDEEFF|24th New Zealand Parliament| align=center |New Zealand general election 1931| align=center |United-Reform Coalition|----- bgcolor=#FFE8E8|
25th New Zealand Parliament| align=center |
New Zealand general election 1935| align=center rowspan=4|First Labour Government of New Zealand|----- bgcolor=#FFE8E8|
26th New Zealand Parliament| align=center |New Zealand general election 1938|----- bgcolor=#FFE8E8|27th New Zealand Parliament| align=center |
New Zealand general election 1943|----- bgcolor=#FFE8E8|28th New Zealand Parliament| align=center |New Zealand general election 1946|----- bgcolor=#DDEEFF|
29th New Zealand Parliament| align=center |
New Zealand general election 1949| align=center rowspan=3 |First National Government of New Zealand|----- bgcolor=#DDEEFF|
30th New Zealand Parliament| align=center |New Zealand general election 1951|----- bgcolor=#DDEEFF|31st New Zealand Parliament| align=center |
New Zealand general election 1954|----- bgcolor=#FFE8E8|32nd New Zealand Parliament| align=center |
New Zealand general election 1957| align=center |
Second Labour Government of New Zealand|----- bgcolor=#DDEEFF|
33rd New Zealand Parliament| align=center |
New Zealand general election 1960| align=center rowspan=4 |Second National Government of New Zealand|----- bgcolor=#DDEEFF|34th New Zealand Parliament| align=center |New Zealand general election 1963|----- bgcolor=#DDEEFF|35th New Zealand Parliament| align=center |New Zealand general election 1966|----- bgcolor=#DDEEFF|
36th New Zealand Parliament| align=center |
New Zealand general election 1969|----- bgcolor=#FFE8E8|37th New Zealand Parliament| align=center |
New Zealand general election 1972| align=center |Third Labour Government of New Zealand|----- bgcolor=#DDEEFF|
38th New Zealand Parliament| align=center |New Zealand general election 1975| align=center rowspan=3 |
Third National Government of New Zealand|----- bgcolor=#DDEEFF|
39th New Zealand Parliament| align=center |New Zealand general election 1978|----- bgcolor=#DDEEFF|
40th New Zealand Parliament| align=center |New Zealand general election 1981|----- bgcolor=#FFE8E8|
41st New Zealand Parliament| align=center |New Zealand general election 1984| align=center rowspan=2 |
Fourth Labour Government of New Zealand|----- bgcolor=#FFE8E8|
42nd New Zealand Parliament| align=center |
New Zealand general election 1987|----- bgcolor=#DDEEFF|
43rd New Zealand Parliament| align=center |
New Zealand general election 1990| align=center rowspan=2|
Fourth National Government of New Zealand|----- bgcolor=#DDEEFF|44th New Zealand Parliament| align=center |
New Zealand general election 1993|----- bgcolor=#DDEEFF|
45th New Zealand Parliament| align=center |
New Zealand general election 1996| align=center |Fourth National (in coalition)|----- bgcolor=#FFE8E8|
46th New Zealand Parliament| align=center |New Zealand general election 1999| align=center rowspan=3 |Fifth Labour Government of New Zealand|----- bgcolor=#FFE8E8|47th New Zealand Parliament| align=center |New Zealand general election 2002|----- bgcolor=#FFE8E8|48th New Zealand Parliament| align=center |New Zealand general election 2005|}
See also
- New Zealand constitution
- New Zealand Parliament Buildings
External links
- Parliament of New Zealand
- Images from around Parliament Buildings
New Zealand Parliament - Home
Welcome to New Zealand Parliament. This is where our elected representatives make laws, debate important issues and keep a watch on Government activity.
Parliament of New Zealand - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The Parliament of New Zealand consists of the Queen of New Zealand and the New Zealand House of Representatives and, until 1951, the New Zealand Legislative Council.
New Zealand Parliament recognises contributions of LGBT community ...
New Zealand Parliament recognises contributions of LGBT community - all the latest gay news from the UK and beyond to the gay community
Beehive (building) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The Beehive is the common name for the Executive Wing of the New Zealand Parliament Buildings, located at the corner of Molesworth Street and Lambton Quay, Wellington.
UPDATE 1-New Zealand parliament passes carbon trading bill
SYDNEY, Sept 10 (Reuters) - New Zealand on Wednesday passed a climate change bill that will set up the country's first greenhouse gas emissions trading scheme and help it meet ...
Radio New Zealand Parliament
Radio New Zealand’s AM Network broadcasts all sittings of Parliament from transmitters in Auckland, Napier, Wellington, Christchurch and Dunedin.
The Scottish Parliament: - External Liaison - Visits
2003: 10 to 11 June : Professor McLeay: Parliamentary expert from Victorian University, Wellington, is in UK to participate in 3 day seminar organised by the Constitution Unit.
BBC NEWS | Asia-Pacific | Country profiles | Country profile: New ...
New Zealand has a single-chamber parliament, the House of Representatives, which is elected for a three-year term. Coalition governments have been the norm since proportional ...
New Zealand Parliament, Wellington - Panoramic Earth Travel ...
New Zealand Parliament Buildings - Guide and map of Wellington with a 360 panorama of the New Zealand Parliament Buildings. Local and travel information about Wellington with ...
MPs outlaw satire in New Zealand - Press Gazette
New Zealand's Parliament has voted itself far-reaching powers to control satire and ridicule of MPs in Parliament, attracting a storm of media and academic criticism.
